[Diagnosis of dental caries based on intra-oral roentgenograms]. / Rozpoznawanie próchnicy zebów na podstawie rentgenowskich zdjec wewnatrzustnych.

On 238 intra-oral roentgenograms there were assessed carious process, shape, size, extent and depth of defects as well as the possibility of complications in teeth which were not treated. There were assessed 277 defects, out of which 194 in upper teeth and 83 in lower ones. In all the teeth of the maxilla and of the mandible there was found the greatest number of amorphic defects and semilunar contact surfaces. There were also observed a lot of defects in radiciform cementum, thus, often under the gingivae. These are sites difficult for access for clinical examination. That is why radiologic examination is often conclusive in localizing carious process and in accurate diagnosing in the case of pulpitis going on.

[Enzymatic tests for alkaline and acid phosphatase in gingival tissues in workers of the Chelm Cement Plant]. / Odczyny enzymatyczne na fosfataze zasadowa i fosfataze kwasna w tkankach dziasel pracowników cementowni "Chelm".

Using histochemical methods the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase was determined in the gingivae of 38 workers aged from 26 to 59 years employed in work with greatest exposure to dust. The control group comprised 11 men aged 23 to 49 years living in Chelm or in its vicinity, not exposed to cement dust. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the group with exposure and with deep gingivitis of lower intensity was very high, while it was lower in the group with highest intensity of the inflammatory process. The activity of acid phosphatase increased with increasing intensity of pathological changes.

[Localization of retained teeth in radiogram]. / Umiejscowienie zebów zatrzymanych w obrazie radiologicznym.

The purpose of the study was evaluation of various possibilities of localization of retained teeth. The study was carried out on 86 patients referred to the Department of Conservative Stomatology, Institute of Stomatology Medical Academy in Lublin. Retained teeth were discovered in them accidentally or in examinations for various symptoms. On the basis of history data, clinical examination and radiological findings the following localization of retained teeth was recognized: 1) lateral or anterior part of the mandible, 2) lateral or anterior part of the maxilla, 3) maxillary sinus or its vicinity, 4) ascending ramus or condular process, 5) vicinity of the lower orbital margin and piriform fossa.

[Clinical evaluation of metronidazole in the treatment of the periodontal abscesses]. / Ocena kliniczna metronidazolu w leczeniu ropni przyzebnych.

On the basis of clinical examination it has been found that Metronidazole which was applied in 24 patients suffering from periodontal abscesses produced healing effects, lessened their pain and did not cause any side reactions. The values of PI (Russell rate) were considerably lower after the treatment comparing to the initial state, which confirms the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug.

[The importance of trace elements in the aetiology of dental caries]. / Znaczenie pierwiastków sladowych w etiologii próchnicy zebów.

Data reported in the literature on the role of trace elements in the aetiology of dental caries are reviewed. The study of these elements--apart from fluorine--whose anticarietic or carietogenic effects have not yet been established, may shed new light on the carietic process and may contribute to a better knowledge of its cause.

[Analysis of correlations between the content of various elements in hard tissues of milk teeth with and without caries]. / Analiza zaleznosci pomiedzy zawartosciami wybranych pierwiastków w twardych tkankach zebów mlecznych z próchnica i bez próchnicy.

Using the method of atomic absorption spectrometry the levels of calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, strontium, nickel, manganese, copper were determined in the hard tissues of milk teeth with and without caries and the interrelations between these elements were analysed The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis with an IMP 85 m computer. In the present study the analysis of the interrelations between elements was based on correlations and regression analyses. Many statistically significant interrelations were revealed between Mn and Fe, Mn and Zn, Mn and Cu, Mn and Ni, Fe and Zn, Fe and Cu, Fe and Ni, Zn and Cu, Zn and Ni. A decrease of the correlation coefficients was noted in carietic teeth. For the highly correlated elements equations of simple regression were calculated. A significant correlations was noted between caries and the levels of Mg, Zn, Fe, Sr, Ni, Mn, Cu in the hard tissues in milk teeth. The carietic milk teeth contained less Mg, Fe, Sr, Ni, Mn and Cu and much more Zn as compared to teeth without caries.

[Absence of permanent teeth buds in three generations of a family]. / Brak zawiazków zebów stalych u trzech pokolen jednej rodziny.

Hypodontia is described in three generations of a family. Absence of the buds of permanent teeth was noted in 6 out of 12 family members. These cases confirm the hereditary aetiology of this anomaly.

[Congenital absence of permanent teeth]. / Wrodzone braki zebów stalych.

In 76 patients treated at the Department of Conservative Stomatology, Institute of Stomatology, Medical Academy in Lublin congenital absence of anlages of permanent teeth was found. The patients were aged 8 to 18 years, including 49 girls and 27 boys. In the whole group absence of 214 teeth was noted, i.e. 136 in girls and 78 in boys. In the examinations it was observed that congenital absence of permanent teeth was more frequent in girls than in boys, 2) most frequently only one tooth was absent in a given patient, 3) upper teeth were lacking more frequently than lower teeth, and absence of right teeth was more frequent than left teeth, 4) the greatest group among absent teeth were upper lateral incisors, while second upper molars in the maxilla were least frequently absent.

[Study on the content of certain elements in retained teeth]. / Badanie zawartosci wybranych pierwiastków w zebach zatrzymanych.

The content of calcium, phosphorus.potassium and zinc was determined in 21 retained canine teeth and in a control group of canine teeth erupted completely. In the measurement the method of X-ray fluorescence was used. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis. In relation to control canines the retained teeth contained significantly more calcium and phosphorus and significantly less potassium. No significant differences were found in zinc content.

[Assessment of motivating factors for conservative treatment of teeth by stomatological students]. / Ocena czynników motywacyjnych sklaniajacych pacjentów do leczenia zachowawczego zebów u studentów stomatologii.

On the basis of responses to an inquiry provided by patients the motivating factors were assessed which induced the patients to undergo dental treatment provided by students of the stomatological faculty. The main motivating factors were: careful performing of procedures, good results of treatment, short waiting time for visit.

[Use of calcium hydroxide in the treatment of pulpitis by extirpation under analgesia]. / Zastosowanie wodorotlenku wapnia w leczeniu zapalen miazgi metoda ekstyrpacji w znieczuleniu.

The study included 48 cases of pulpitis grade II of one-root teeth in 42 patients of either sex aged 21-35 years treated by pulp extirpation under analgesia with immediate filling of canals. In 28 teeth Biopulp was used as an intercalated substance between the periapical tissues and the material filling the canal. The control group comprised 20 teeth filled only with Endomethasone paste. The observations made immediately after filling and clinical-radiological control examination after from 6 months to 3 years showed a high usefulness of calcium hydroxide. Good results were achieved in 100% of cases while in the control group in 70% of cases.

[Iron content of carious and non-carious milk teeth hard tissues]. / Zawartosc zelaza w takankach twardych zebów mlecznych z próchnica i bez próchnicy.

Using the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry the iron level was determined in the hard tissues of carietic and non-carietic milk teeth. The studied material comprised 163 milk teeth, including 81 with caries. All teeth were obtained from children of both sexes living in Lublin. The material was divided into age groups aged up to 6 years, 6-10 years and over 10 years. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis with an IMP 85 m computer. A significant correlation was found between the iron level in the hard tissues of the milk teeth and caries. The carietic milk teeth contained significantly less iron as compared to healthy teeth. The iron level in non-carietic milk teeth decreased with age. Sex was without effect on the level of this element in the dental hard tissues.

[Condition of the oral mucosa in cement plant workers]. / Stan blony sluzowej jamy ustnej u pracowników cementowni.

The condition of oral mucosa was evaluated in the workers of the cement plant in Chelm. Clinical examination demonstrated in all workers exposed to cement dust features of mechanical trauma and oral mucosa inflammation.

[Strontium content in hard tissues of milk teeth with and without caries]. / Zawartosc strontu w takankach twardych zebów mlecznych z próchniça i bez próchnicy.

By the method of atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry the strontium level was determined in the hard tissues of milk teeth with and without caries. The studied material comprised 163 milk teeth, including 81 with caries. All teeth were obtained from children of either sex living in Lublin. The material was divided into three age groups: up to 6 years, 6-10 years, and over 10 years. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using an IMP85 m computer. It was found age and sex had no significant effect on the strontium level in the hard tissues of healthy milk teeth. However, a significant correlation was observed between strontium level and caries presence. Milk teeth with caries contained less strontium than carietic teeth.

[Analysis of inquiry responses related to visits of stomatological patients depending on age, sex and educational level]. / Ocena wypowiedzi ankietowych dotczacych czestosci wizyt stomatologicznych pacjentow w zaleznosci od wieku, plci i wyksztalcenia.

The purpose of the study was demonstration of possible relationships between the frequency of visits to stomatological office and the age, the sex and the educational level of the patients. The analysis covered 776 responses to an inquiry obtained from the patients visiting the Department of Conservative Stomatology. Comparative statistical analysis showed that these parameters had no effect on the frequency of visits to stomatological surgery. With a high likelihood one can state that this frequency depends on adequately conducted health education, wide network of specialist services, and the health care of the population.

[Age and content of certain mineral components in permanent teeth]. / Wiek a zawartosc niektórych skladników mineralnych w zebach stalych.

The chemical composition of the teeth is determined during its development, however, in the postdevelopmental period changes of inorganic components are possible, which have an important effect on the morphology, structure and chemical composition of teeth. Using the method of X-ray fluorescence the levels of Ca, P, Cl, S, K and Zn were determined in hard tissues of 218 permanent non-carietic teeth from all dental groups. The correlation between these various elements in the teeth and the age of the subjects, whose teeth were taken for the investigations, was expressed with the correlation coefficient r of Pearson. The significance of the correlation was analysed using Students t test. In case of significant correlation equations of regression were determined for predicting the expected value of the level of a given element in teeth for a given age. No significant differences were noted in the levels of Ca and P in relation to age. The levels of S, K and Zn rose with age, while the chloride content was decreasing.

[Usefulness of radiological examinations in the diagnosis of supernumerary teeth]. / Przydatnosc badania radiologicznego w diagnostyce zebów nadliczbowych.

Existence of the supernumerary teeth has been found in 39 persons at the age of 8 to 69. There were 61.6% of the cases at the age when dentition exchange takes place and 38.4% of the cases during maturity. Clinical and radiological examinations have been carried out in these patients. The radiograms obtained have been found useful in detection, description and treatment of this dental anomaly.

[Potassium content analysis in healthy teeth in people of various ages]. / Analiza zawartosci potasu w zdrowych zebrach u ludzi w róznym wieku.

Potassium level in permanent teeth has been designated by X-ray fluorescence and some relationships of the content of this element between individual groups of teeth according to the age and sex have been proved. Average K level in molar teeth of men and women was 272.1 +/- 50 (M-SE) ppm, in premolar teeth--297.6 +/- 7.1 ppm, in cuspid teeth--287.0 +/- 7.5 ppm and in incisive teeth--324.7 +/- 12.3 ppm. Irrespective of the age potassium level in permanent teeth in men and women doesn't essentially differ. In the remaining groups of teeth but molar teeth potassium level essentially increases with the age. The greatest growth of potassium with the age has been observed in incisive teeth.

[Clinical training of students of stomatology and its estimation in the light of the patients' opinions]. / Zajecia kliniczne studentów stomatologii i ich ocena w swietle wypowiedzi pacjentów.

Estimation of the students' work from the IVth and Vth year of stomatology has been performed basing on the inquiry opinions of the patients. The opinions concerned in the first place the period of time they should wait for treatment and their frame of mind before the stomatological operation. Most of the patients applied regularly to the students to treat their teeth. High percentage of the people waiting for the visit were good-tempered or a little upset persons. The predominant majority of the patients were very satisfied with the help given to them by the students of stomatology.